Connectivity Fingerprinting of Gray Matter

Diffusion tractography-based fingerprinting of gray matter is an emerging method, enabling insight into individual connectional, and thus functional, parcelation of cortex and deep gray using non-invasive MR imaging in living human subjects. The ability to identify functionally distinct gray matter regions opens new perspectives for neuroscience for applications as diverse as delineating targets for interference studies, investigating potentially distinct regions within a single anatomical area, defining likely remote sites of deafferentiation in stroke, or localizing targets in a clinical context for presurgical planning. In this chapter, we will introduce the methods currently applied, and review studies successfully applying this recent technique. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.